Molecular genetics and atopic eczema

John W. Ballantyne Lecture: "What can molecular genetics teach us about the common complex trait of atopic eczema?"

Eczema (also called atopic eczema or atopic dermatitis) is an itchy inflammatory skin condition that now affects ~20% of children and up to 10% of adults in the UK. In mild cases it may be an annoying irritation, but in more severe cases it has a profound impact on all aspects of life. The medical and psychosocial burden is compounded by multiple atopic and non-atopic co-morbidities and our current treatment regimens do not correct the underlying pathophysiology.

Atopic diseases cluster in families, illustrating the role of genetic predisposition as a risk factor for these disorders. Genetic studies have revealed the importance of the structural integrity of the epidermis in providing a barrier against external environmental factors, to protect against skin and systemic inflammation. But questions remain with respect to the complex interplay of multiple genetic effects and their interactions with environmental factors. A better understanding is needed to develop safer and more effective therapies.

This talk will explore how molecular genetics can enhance our understanding of atopic eczema. The discussion will cover the role of gene-environment interactions and how modern genetic techniques are uncovering new insights into the disease. The talk will examine the potential clinical implications of genetic findings and the future of genetic testing in eczema management. Finally, the session will highlight current challenges in the field and the exciting directions genetic research may take to improve eczema treatment and prevention.

Learning outcomes include:

• Understand the genetic basis of atopic eczema 
• Examine key genetic variants associated with atopic eczema
• Explore gene-environment interactions in atopic eczema
• Apply molecular genetic techniques in understanding eczema
• Evaluate the implications of genetic findings for clinical practice
• Consider future directions in genetic research and treatment of atopic eczema

Professor Sara Brown is a clinical academic dermatologist whose research focuses on understanding the molecular genetic mechanisms in atopic eczema and related skin and systemic conditions. The Brown Lab uses a range of research methodologies, from population-based genetic epidemiology to skin cell and organoid models with genetic manipulation and detailed muti-omic analyses, to address questions of importance to patients, carers and healthcare professionals. 

The Ballantyne Prize is awarded for outstanding work on the pedigree or inheritance of disease. Including work on disease in animals and plants as well as in man.