Bronchiectasis is a chronic debilitating condition. Pathologically, a vicious
cycle of infection and inflammation exists in the permanently damaged airways with
patients suffering a persistent cough, chronic daily sputum production and recurrent
chest infections. Once termed an ‘orphan disease’, the prevalence of bronchiectasis
has become increasingly recognised over the past few decades. The associated
burden of disease in terms of respiratory morbidity, effect on patients’ healthrelated
quality of life and the economic cost of long term management is significant
and it has become apparent that more research into its causes and management is
urgently needed. This article reviews what is currently known about bronchiectasis,
its pathophysiology, aetiology and management strategies.
